In a sweeping escalation of immigration enforcement, the Trump administration has launched what it calls the “largest deportation operation in American history.” But the dragnet has extended far beyond undocumented individuals—it now includes legal residents and visa holders, particularly those voicing dissent.
Among the most jarring developments is the detention of foreign-born students and academics, many of whom are lawful residents, accused without formal charges of supporting terrorism based solely on their participation in pro-Palestinian campus protests. Their arrests have ignited fears of a growing authoritarian turn, where constitutionally protected free speech is treated as a threat to national policy.
One such case is Mahmoud Khalil, a Palestinian green-card holder and Columbia University graduate. Despite no criminal charges, Khalil was arrested in March and remains in a Louisiana detention center. A federal judge ruled that the legal argument used to justify his deportation was “unconstitutionally vague,” indicating that his removal likely violates the Constitution. His legal team continues to fight for his release, arguing that criticism of U.S. foreign policy cannot be grounds for deportation.
Rümeysa Öztürk, a Turkish PhD student at Tufts University and Fulbright scholar, was similarly detained in March after writing an op-ed critical of Israel’s actions in Gaza. Despite a court order protecting her from removal, she was held in poor conditions until a federal judge intervened, citing serious constitutional concerns.
Also targeted was Mohsen Mahdawi, a Palestinian-born Columbia University student who was arrested while attempting to complete his U.S. citizenship process. His release came after public outcry and legal pressure, but his case highlights the fragile rights of noncitizens—even those on the path to becoming Americans.
These incidents reflect a dangerous shift where political expression, especially criticism of foreign policy, is criminalized for immigrants. Civil liberties organizations warn that such actions threaten not just immigrants, but the very principles of democracy and free speech.